In June 1961, Somalia adopted its first national constitution in a countrywide referendum, which probided for a democtatic state with a parliamentary form of government based on European models.
During the early post-independence period, political parties were a fluid concept, with one-person political paries forming before an election, only to defect to the winning party in the following election.
A constitutional conference in Mogadishu in April 1960, which made the system of government in the southern Somali trust territory the basis for the future government structure of the Somali Republic, resulted in the concentration of political power in the former Italian Somalia capital of Mogadishu and a southern-dominated centeral government.
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